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Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, PCR tests were almost always used to detect the virus. Over the past 2 years, antigen tests have become widely available, making it easier and faster to get test results at home. In most cases, home antigen tests or self-tests — the kind sold over the counter where you swab yourself — are your best option. You can use these tests when you: Have symptoms (if your result is negative, retest 24 to 48 hours after your first test) Have been exposed (if you don't have symptoms, test 5 days after your exposure) Plan to travel, gather with others, or spend time with people who may be at high risk Need to show a negative test result to return to work Home antigen tests offer a quick result (30 minutes or less) and don't require a trip to a medical facility. They are an easy way to find out whether you have COVID-19 and could infect others. If your test result is positive, stay home and isolate, and contact your doctor if you need ...

Abstract Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is useful for difficult to cultivate pathogens. Here, we use cerebrospinal fluid mNGS to diagnose invasive meningococcal disease. The complete genome sequences of Neisseria meningitidis were assembled using N. meningitidis of ST4821-serotype C isolated from four patients. To investigate the phylogeny, 165 CC4821 N. meningitidis genomes from 1972 to 2017 were also included. The core genome accumulated variation at a rate of 4.84×10 −8 substitutions/nucleotide site/year. CC4821 differentiated into four sub-lineages during evolution (A, B, C, and D). While evolving from sub-lineage A (early stage) to sub-lineage D (late stage), the ST and CC4821 serotype converged into the ST4821-serotype C clone. Most strains of sub-lineage D were isolated from invasive meningococcal disease, with increasing resistance to quinolones. Phylogeographic analysis suggests that CC4821 has spread across 14 countries. Thus, the selective pressure of quin...

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) has been defined as a life-threatening neurologic emergency related to the use of antipsychotic medications. It is most often seen with high-potency (first-generation) antipsychotic medications and may occur after a single dose. There have been conflicting reports in the literature of an atypical NMS (ANMS) presentation, associated with lower-potency agents (second generation) antipsychotic medications. NMS is usually diagnosed with a tetrad of clinical symptoms although none of the tetrads is needed for diagnosis. We report a case of a patient admitted for severe acute syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) pneumonia who developed probable ANMS. SARS-CoV2 also referred to as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) added another dimension of complication to patient care as we have, at this time, an incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis. We feel critical care clinicians should maintain broad differentials to clinical findings, during the us...

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has kept to its initial decision to reject a request by Acadia Pharmaceuticals to expand Nuplazid (pimavanserin) to treat hallucinations and delusions associated with Alzheimer's disease-related psychosis. In a complete response letter (CRL) indicating it had finished its review of the company's resubmitted supplemental new drug application (sNDA), the FDA said it wouldn't approve the current application and recommended Acadia conduct an additional clinical trial for psychosis due to Alzheimer's disease. The sNDA was reviewed by FDA's Psychopharmacologic Drugs Advisory committee meeting. While the committee recognized the positive results with Nuplazid in the Phase 3 HARMONY trial (NCT03325556), which supported the sNDA, the FDA said these were mainly seen in people with dementia due to Parkinson's disease. Nuplazid was approved by the FDA to treat this patient population in 2016. The F...

When you buy through our links, Insider may earn an affiliate commission. Learn more. Compression socks are one of those garments that seem gimmicky but science actually backs up their biggest claimed benefit: Improving your circulation. "Compression socks help the vascular system move blood and other fluids, which can help manage swelling and inflammation," Jenelle Deatherage, a physical therapist at the UW Health Sports Rehabilitation Clinic, told Insider. At their foundation, compression socks work by squeezing the walls of the veins and leg tissues to help blood work its way against gravity to the heart. The compression also improves the flow of lymph fluid, which helps remove cellular waste and circulates bacteria-fighting white blood cells throughout your body. Deatherage added that several categories of people may benefit from wearing compression socks, including athletes who could look to enhance their workouts. This is especially true for runn...

Different dry cough medications are available, such as cough suppressants, decongestants, and lozenges. A doctor will recommend the most suitable medication based on the cause of the dry cough. A dry cough irritates the respiratory tract nerves without producing mucus. A dry cough can last a short time or become a long-term problem. Effective treatment may depend, in part, on the underlying cause. A dry cough may develop as a result of: This article discusses the best types of dry cough medications, home remedies, and prevention tips. Cough suppressants block the cough reflex. Although they may not treat the underlying cause, they may reduce symptoms. Dextromethorphan has been one of the most common cough suppressants for the past 50 years . In the United States, several over-the-counter (OTC) medications for children and adults contain dextromethorphan, including: Robitussin Cough and Chest Congestion DM Dimetapp Cold and Cough Theraflu Cough Relief Mucinex DM Read more about dextrome...

The American Cancer Society estimates that doctors will diagnose multiple myeloma in 34,470 people in the United States in 2022. Multiple myeloma, or myeloma, is a blood cancer that develops in plasma cells. These specialized white blood cells make antibodies to signal for your immune system to attack foreign substances. The VRd regimen, also written as RVd, is a three-drug therapy doctors often use as the first treatment for myeloma. It tends to be well tolerated and is associated with high remission rates. The three drugs in this regimen are: bortezomib (Velcade) lenalidomide (Revlimid) dexamethasone According to the International Myeloma Foundation, more than 90% of people with myeloma respond well to initial therapy. Even so, doctors don't usually consider it a curable disease. The goal of treatment is often to decrease the number of cancerous cells in your bone marrow and to manage symptoms. In this article, we look at when doctors may recommend VRd, its potential side effe...