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Methadone has long been a gold-standard treatment for opioid addiction. But government regulations mean that many patients have to organize their lives around getting and taking it, no matter how well they are doing, a new study has found. The pandemic made it unsafe for people to queue up daily at methadone clinics, so rules were relaxed to allow patients to take doses home just like other prescriptions. And, advocates say, the change helped people maintain recovery and ought to become permanent. The new study, published in the Journal of Harm Reduction and conducted by researchers at New York University, Icahn School of Medicine, and the City University of New York, interviewed current and former methadone users, people who used illegal opioids but never methadone, and treatment providers. "It's like liquid handcuffs," one woman, a former methadone patient, told the study authors, using a common euphemism for the treatment. "Say you want to go somewhere for a few...

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Epilepsy is a disorder of the brain that affects the nervous system. Epilepsy causes abnormal electrical activity in the brain, which leads to seizures. There are many types of seizure medication, all of which may have different side effects. The cause of epilepsy is mostly unknown, although genetics, brain injury, illness, or structure of the brain may play a part. People with epilepsy will require treatment, as soon after their diagnosis as possible. Although there is currently no cure for epilepsy, treatment can help to control and manage seizures. Treatment may include diet, surgery, medical devices, and medications. There is a wide range of anti-seizure drugs, or anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs), to treat different types of seizures. In this article, we look at some of the common epilepsy medications, their uses, potential side effects, and the importance of consulting a doctor to decide on a suitable treatment plan. Epilepsy seizures fall into one of two categories: Focal Focal seizur...

If you have high cholesterol or certain risk factors for heart disease or stroke, your doctor might suggest Lipitor (atorvastatin) as a treatment option for you. Lipitor is a prescription medication that's used along with diet and exercise to: Lipitor belongs to a group of drugs called HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (commonly called statins). They work by blocking a certain type of enzyme (protein) that produces cholesterol in your body. This article describes the dosages of Lipitor, including its form, strengths, and how to take the drug. To learn more about Lipitor, see this in-depth article. Note: This article covers Lipitor's typical dosages, which are provided by the drug's manufacturer. But when using Lipitor, always take the dosage that your doctor prescribes. In this section, we'll discuss the recommended dosages of Lipitor. But be sure to take the exact dosage your doctor prescribes . They will determine the best dosage for you. What form does Lipitor come in? Li...

Autoimmune hepatitis is an autoimmune disease that occurs when the body's immune system attacks the liver by mistake. The exact cause is unknown but believed to be due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. There is no one test to diagnose autoimmune hepatitis. The diagnostic process usually involves a physical exam, detailed history, lab tests, imaging studies, and a liver biopsy.   Tetra Images / Getty Images Self-Checks/At-Home Testing There is no home test to diagnose autoimmune hepatitis, but it is helpful to be aware of the common symptoms of the disease, which can include: Fatigue Abdominal pain or discomfort Achy joints Itching Nausea Loss of appetite  Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes) Dark urine Pale (clay-colored) stools Spider-like blood vessels  Absence of menstruation Confusion Fluid buildup in the abdomen, known as ascites Ph...

In Asian patients with type 2 diabetes, the use of thiazolidinediones was found to be associated with reduced incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), while treatment with an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor or sulfonylurea was associated with a slightly increased risk of HCC across a broader patient population, according to study findings published in Metabolism . Investigators conducted a meta-analysis of clinical trials that reported on oral antidiabetic medication exposure by drug class and HCC incidence. Across 8 observational studies, the researchers reported exposures to sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, meglitinides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, and amylin analogs. The pooled meta-analysis included 281,180 participants with type 2 diabetes. In 6 studies, the mean age ranged between 56 years and 68.8 years. Continue Reading I...

Public safety officials in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, administered Narcan to a five-month-old girl on Wednesday after she fell unconscious. KDKA, a CBS affiliate station in Pittsburgh, reported that first responders were giving aid to the child at the fire station when police first arrived. They administered Narcan, which is an opioid antagonist that can be used to partially or completely reverse the effects of an opioid overdose. Deputy Chief of the Pittsburgh Bureau of EMS Amera Gilchrist told Newsweek that the child was in stable condition after receiving the dose of Narcan when she was brought to a children's hospital. She said when the child first arrived, she presented cyanotic, which meant her skin had a bluish tinge, and her breathing was slow and shallow. First responders ultimately decided to administer the Narcan, but they had to administer an appropriate dose for a baby in a way that isn't administered to adults. "A child that young is unable to take anything o...